The core component of the escalator is two chains, which rotate around two pairs of gears. At the top of the escalator, a motor drives the transmission gear to rotate the chain ring. A typical escalator uses a 100-horsepower engine to turn gears. Both the engine and the chain system are installed in a truss, which refers to a metal structure that extends between two floors.

Unlike the conveyor belt moving a plane, the chain ring moves a set of steps. The most interesting thing about escalators is the way these steps move. When the chain moves, the steps remain level. At the top and bottom of the escalator, the steps fold over each other to form a platform. This makes it easier to get on and off the escalator.

Each step on the escalator has two sets of wheels, which rotate along two separate tracks. The upper device (the wheel near the top of the step) is connected to a rotating chain and is pulled by a drive gear located at the top of the escalator. The wheels of the other groups just slide along the track and follow behind the wheels of the first group.

The two tracks are separated from each other so that each step can be kept level. At the top and bottom of the escalator, the track is in a horizontal position, so that the steps are flattened. There is a series of grooves inside each step to connect the two steps before and after it during the flattening process.

In addition to rotating the main chain ring, the motor in the escalator can also move the handrails. The armrest is just a rubber conveyor belt that circulates around a series of wheels. The conveyor belt is precisely configured to move at exactly the same speed as the steps, making the passengers feel stable.

The escalator system is not capable of raising people up to dozens of floors like an elevator, but it is very suitable for providing short distance transportation. This is because of the high load rate of the escalator. After the elevator is full, other people can only get on the elevator after it reaches the designated floor and returns. On the escalator, as long as one person reaches the upper level, it will make room for others.

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